Eustat

Methodological note. IUS: 1 Enablers

Enablers capture innovation drivers of innovation performance external to the firm and it differentiates between 3 innovation dimensions.

1.1 Human Resources

This dimension measures the availability of a high-skilled and educated workforce and includes three indicators:

1.1.1 New doctorate graduates (‰ population aged 25-34)

1.1.2 Percentage population aged 30-34 having completed tertiary education

1.1.3 Percentage youth aged 20-24 having attained at least upper secondary level education

1.2 Open, excellent and attractive research systems

This dimension measures the international competitiveness of the science base and includes three indicators:

1.2.1 International scientific co-publications per million population

1.2.2 Scientific publications among the top 10% most cited publications worldwide as % of total scientific publications of the country

1.2.3 Non-EU doctorate holders as % of total doctorate holders of the country

1.3 Finance and support

This dimension measures the availability of finance for innovation projects and the support of governments for research and innovation activities and includes two indicators:

1.3.1 Public R&D expenditures as % of GDP

1.3.2 Venture capital as % of GDP